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Young Adults and Heart Disease, 2008.
An overview of the risk factors that contribute to heart disease with specific relation to the younger population group.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the subject of heart disease in young adults, with information for young adults to assist them with their understanding of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The paper comments that many young adults consider heart disease as an old person's disease. The paper also notes that young adults may become more aware that individuals of all ages, even their age, can have CVD. The paper provides the strategies presented to combat heart disease. Charts, tables, and a flow chart are included with the paper.
Outline:
More than Knowing Something
Research Considerations
Current and Projected Concerns
Strategies to Address Concerns
The Causes and Cures Contributed to Heart Disease
Programs Can...
New Considerations
Coffee... Tea... Vitamin C Claims
Steps to Prevent and Reverse Heart Disease
Congenital and Chronic Disease Concerns
Hope for Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Most Likely - Yet Less Likely
Tomorrow's Time Bomb Question?
Can Heart Disease be Prevented?
Do The Right Thing
Unlearning Risk Factors
From the Paper
"What is currently known about heart disease, as the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, because young adults are "increasingly adopting unhealthy lifestyles," (Reinhardt), resulting increasing consequences of those lifestyle choices also increase. Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks as the leading cause of death globally, reportedly contributing to one third of all deaths each year. "The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke, published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in conjunction with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), was launched on 26 September 2004 to coincide with the fifth annual World Heart Day, a major driving force for encouraging heart disease and stroke prevention worldwide."
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Lighting and the Circadian Rhythm, 2008.
An analysis of the article "Lighting for the Human Circadian Clock: Recent Research Indicates that Lighting Has Become a Public Health Issue" by S. Pauley.
1,106 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the article "Lighting for the Human Circadian Clock: Recent Research Indicates that Lighting Has Become a Public Health Issue" that reveals that certain illness rates, such as colorectal cancer and breast cancer, are much higher among nighttime shift workers than in the rest of the population. The paper explains the article's evidence that the disruption in the normal circadian rhythm of sleep-wake cycles inhibits the production of melatonin that in turn increases cancer rates. The paper discusses the implications of this research for nighttime workers and for the general public.
From the Paper
"Prior to the Industrial Revolution, most people worked and carried on their daily life activities exclusively in the daytime and slept at night, primarily because without artificial lighting, there was no other choice. Once kerosene, gas, and incandescent lighting became widely used during the nineteenth century, people were able to make more productive use of nighttime hours, and 24-hour production became a possibility. Artificial lighting has become so common, that in modern societies, we take nighttime sporting events, all-night restaurants, and 24-hour casinos for granted. Certain industries run 'round the clock, with rotating shift workers on duty at all times."
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Diagnostic X-Ray Imaging, 2008.
An examination of the importance and method of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) for diagnostic x-ray imaging.
4,057 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper examines diagnostic x-ray imaging quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). It defines QA and QC for diagnostic x-ray imaging and then discusses how this occurs within all areas of a radiology department. Lastly, the paper discusses the growth of quality assurance in pediatric radiology. The paper contains tables and images.
Table of Contents:
Diagnostic X-Ray Imaging Quality Assurance (QA)
Diagnostic X-Ray Imaging Quality Control (QC)
Radiographic Unit Monitoring
Sensitometery and Darkroom Monitoring
Use of Technique Charts
Analysis of Repeat Rates
Continuing Education
Repeat Analysis
Timer Quality Control in Radiographic Equipment
Collimator Quality Control
Vertical Beam Alignment Quality Control
Collimation
Focal-spot Size
Fluoroscopy Quality Control
Automatic Exposure Systems
Tomography Quality Control
Ensuring QC in Conventional Radiographic Systems
Radiation Safety/QA Program
Test Frequency
Different Types of Tests and Duration
Growth of Quality Assurance in Pediatric Radiology
Exhibits
From the Paper
"The various parameters to be checked under radiography are (i) assessment of the focal spot size which is the surface area of the anode which is bombarded by the electron beam. In case of radiography machine, it ranges from 0.1 to 1.2 mm or more than that. In case of mammo-machines the values are 0.3 to 0.6. The assessment of focal spot size is applied to get a X-ray image having the least blur. Small focal spot are likely to concentrate heat and emits load on focal spot areas. In case the quantity of heat emitted at the time of an individual exposure is more than the track capacity, the anode surface is liable to melt. Besides, the assessment of the focal spot size is necessary to compare it with the original focal spot size with that of the machine. Also spot size of any machine is stated on the top of the X-Ray tube. (Mukhtar, n. d.)"
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Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy, 2008.
This paper explores the incidence of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy and the health risks involved.
2,398 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the demographic and epidemiological changes in society that have lead to an increased risk of diabetes simultaneously with pregnancy. The paper relates that diabetes mellitus occurring simultaneously with pregnancy is a risk factor that is multi-causal and can put mother and child at increased risk for severe and even fatal complications. The paper explains in detail the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in its various forms and its implications for the pregnancy and fetus.
Outline:
Abstract
Introducton
Pathophysiology
Clinical Symptoms
Lab Findings
Implications for Pregnancy
Implications for the Infant
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus is described by some as epidemic in proportion. The concern regarding the disease is often linked to the increased incidence of refined foods, and especially sugars, as well as increased reports of sedentary living, that are both associated with the modern world. Increases in such behavioral concerns, as the above compounded by the fact that there is a positive link between overweight and obesity (also caused by poor nutrition and sedentary lifestyle) increases the incidence of one of the several types of diabetes mellitus."
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The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, 2008.
Looks at the history, goals and problems of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).
855 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which was intended to improve access and renewability with respect to employment related group health plans, to health insurance coverage sold in connection with group plans, and to the individual market, by amending the Public Health Service Act. The paper relates that the primary elements in the legislation for most workers are portability and a general improvement in coverage but the Act falls short in addressing these problems. The paper outlines the shortcomings of the Act and provides examples to illustrate them. The paper concludes that, even though main issue in the law is portability, the many other provisions in the Act show how even that one particular change requires a good deal of change in other areas as well.
From the Paper
"Epstein (2002) notes some of the unintended consequences of HIPAA with reference to medical research. He cites the provisions on privacy and finds a conflict "between the concern for privacy on the one hand, and the ability of medical scientists, physicians, and institutions to continue on with their traditional research activities." Under the new rules, it is assumed that everyone needs to obtain consent for the disclosure or use of any particular medical record for any kind of purpose, and when HIPAA does distinguish among purposes, it does so based on the needs of the individual."
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To Veg Or Not To Veg...?, 2008.
This paper discusses vegetarianism and looks at the value of a vegetarian diet.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer first defines vegetarianism and notes that today, a vegetarian diet is one that contains little or no animal products. The writer discusses whether or not vegetarianism is worthwhile and maintains that vegetarianism is a truly healthy option but it is still a matter of choice. The important thing though is that going vegetarian or not going vegetarian should be an individual's choice and not rammed down one's throat. The writer concludes that as long as one is not stepping on another's toes, then "to veg" could indeed be the smart choice especially in this day and age where diseases of all sorts abound.
From the Paper
"When vegetarianism was starting to make headways in the United States, a lot of people construed it with religious practice especially those belonging to Buddhist, Hare Krishna or Hindu faith. That was the contemporary thinking then but now, vegetarianism has evolved from a matter of faith to a matter of health. Although none of my family members are vegetarians, I have several friends who have taken the practice and the jury is still not out though on how effective it really is or whether it is really a good and "normal" health habit. The strict definition of vegetarianism is diet consisting only of fruits and vegetables - no meat or animal by-products whatsoever."
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 2008.
A look at the causes, treatment, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
2,007 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide even though it is not a contagious disease and how there is no know cure for COPD. It also looks at how COPD is a disease of the lungs caused by damage to the airways primarily due to cigarette smoking and how prolonged exposure to dust, chemicals and pollution also cause COPD. In addition, the paper describes the symptoms, causes, treatment, management and prevention of the disease. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes that if an individual smokes, the first and most critically important step in addressing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD is to quit smoking and to do so immediately.
Outline:
Introduction
COPD: Symptoms
Treatment of COPD
Goals of Treatment in COPD
COPD Medications
Components of the Pulmonary Rehab Program
Prevention of Progression of COPD
Management and Prevention of Problems
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"As stated in the previous section there are treatments for COPD and according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute "quitting smoking is the single most important thing" that the individual can do in order to reduce the risk of the development of 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to slow the progression of the disease COPD. The goals of treatment for COPD are: (1) to relieve the symptoms with no to little side experience of side effects; (2) to slow the disease progression; (3) to improve the individual's tolerance for exercise; (4) prevention and treatment of complications or onset of problems occurring suddenly; and (5) to improve the individuals' health overall. (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Disease and Conditions Index, 2007) It is important to note that the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute relates that treatment of COPD is "different for each person" and that the individuals doctor might well refer the individual to a lung specialists or 'pulmonologist'. (2007) "
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Drug Testing in Nigeria, 2008.
An investigation into clinical trails carried out on children in Nigeria.
3,669 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper describes work carried out by researchers, Debora Spar and Adam Day, with regard to a clinical test of an experimental drug, Trovan, conducted in a Third World country under suspect conditions, with shoddy supervision and for questionable reasons. The paper relates that, though the Trovan trial was perhaps exceptional, it is also considered an example of what can happen when pharmaceutical corporations conduct research on humans in poor countries with bad supervision.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Analysis
Operational Analysis
Strategic Analysis
Recommendations
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"A nervous system infection, Meningitis can kill a child in a matter of hours if left untreated. It killed more than 12,000 children in six months in and around Kano, a mostly Muslim city. Pfizer, a pharmaceutical giant drug company saw this scenario as an opportunity to do clinical research on 200 live humans, while possibly helping sick people. Half of the 200 children received Trovan and the other half received a "proven meningitis treatment," ceftriaxone, though they administered a dose lower than recommended. Pfizer has maintained its records demonstrate that not one of the deaths could be linked to Trovan or to substandard treatment, and that the clinical study shows there is a better survival rate for patients on Trovan than for patients who receive the standard drug. Survivors sometimes sustain brain damage or other complications from the disease, even if they are "cured" (AP, p. 1)."
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Nursing Informatics, 2008.
This paper discusses how the nursing informatics industry is based on the unmet needs of medical practices globally.
2,695 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper focuses on the five main unmet needs in many medical fields and explores the advances being made in enterprise content management (ECM), digital asset management (DAM) and security and collaboration technologies. The paper explains that nursing informatics is changing every medical discipline by enabling medical processes to be more efficiently accomplished while also delivering a higher quality of information to nurses and physicians as well. The paper dalso iscusses the industry factors that are affecting the growth of nursing informatics strategies.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Nursing Informatics and the Increase in Digital Asset Management (DAM) Systems
Factors Influencing Nursing Informatics' Growth
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Managing, organizing and making available to healthcare professionals the many types of content that comprise nursing informatics requires a flexible yet comprehensive content management framework and a high degree of integration between systems as well. At the center of systems designed to deliver nursing informatics there are Enterprise Content Management (ECM) systems that also include digital images of patient's critical information including x-rays and digital images of diagnoses in addition to other forms of digital imaging and content."
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Chinese Culture, 2008.
This paper explores Chinese values, beliefs and culture as manifested in their health, food and medicine.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Chinese ideas about health, food, and medicine and explains that Chinese ideas about health, food and medicine are not distinct aspects but rather interrelated ones that serve to promote harmony and temper the senses. The paper explains five influences that the Chinese idea of health care is based on, describes Chinese cooking and refers to the practice of acupuncture. The paper relates that healing, health care and health management with the Chinese should be a holistic approach that serves to understand the culture as well as promote well-being without being biased against the beliefs and values.
From the Paper
"When people hear the word "China" the first thing that comes to mind is a vast country in the Orient filled with wonder and exotic attributes - that was until globalization set put as a major player in the everyday lives of countries and peoples. Now China is known for cheap manufacturing and labor, Dao Ming, Jet Li or Jackie Chan. China is also known as a communist nation with heavy capitalist leaning and this is more apparent as a result of various American companies outsourcing its manufacturing and production facilities there. Despite the supposedly modernized economy of China, they still have their strong values, beliefs and culture. This is also evident when in comes to their beliefs in birth, death, diseases and health in general."
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Drug Addiction and Disease, 2008.
This paper explores drug addiction in relation to theories of disease.
986 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that whether a particular practice is regarded as an accepted activity or as deviant antisocial behavior is largely a function of culture and social norms. The paper then discusses how genetic predisposition and external environmental factors contribute to make some individuals more predisposed to addiction than others, but defining addiction as a disease still involves amorphous criteria and subjective determination. The paper concludes that ultimately, what matters more than a definitive classification of drug addiction, is that its symptoms be addressed in a manner conducive to their relief and to ending the addiction.
Outline:
Introduction
Distinguishing Disease and Behavior in Drug Addiction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Drug addiction is unlike other medical diseases, primarily because it is the result of voluntary behavior rather from exposure to bacterial organisms, viruses, or from a genetic disorder. Whereas symptoms normally associated with organic diseases are well defined in strictly objective terms, the symptoms of addiction rely on subjective definition, and to a large degree, on cultural norms and expectations (Reinarman, 2005)."
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Normal Saline Usage and Pneumonia, 2008.
This paper analyzes the controversial practice of using normal saline during suctioning.
1,727 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses the issue concerning whether or not to use normal saline during suctioning, and most especially when the patient is an infant or a very weak and compromised adult. However, this question does not deter nurses and other medical practitioners from using the normal saline technique for suctioning, and the practice is still widely used. Furthermore, the paper looks into the issue of whether this procedure actually helps the patient, or if it is unnecessary. Specifically, the paper discusses the prevalence, the benefits and disadvantages, the purposes of using the procedure and the risks and negative consequences of using normal saline for suctioning purposes. Lastly, the paper looks at one specific illness associated with the procedure, called ventilator assisted pneumonia.
From the Paper
"A Survey was conducted a few years previously, on a number of nurses and medical practitioners who were working in adult ICU's in a large teaching hospital facility, in order to make an accurate and clear assessment of the advantages and the disadvantages of using normal saline during the endotracheal suctioning of an adult. It was found that while about fifty one percent of those surveyed reported that they rarely used normal saline for the suctioning procedure, about thirty three percent had routinely used saline for the same purpose. While fifty five percent of the nurses used saline to remove and retrieve secretions that would perhaps block the airway, about forty five percent used the same procedure to stimulate a cough in the patient. There was a lack of understanding of the usage of saline for suctioning among the nurses: while sixty four percent reported rarely using saline before suctioning, respiratory therapists reported using normal saline for suctioning. Respiratory therapists seemed to exhibit more awareness than nurses about the benefits or disadvantages of using normal saline for suctioning purposes and to induce a cough in the patient. Evidence was able to prove that when nurses used saline for suctioning, there were more adverse effects in the patient than when a respiratory therapist used it, among them being that of greater oxygen desaturation, and other, a greater risk of cardio pulmonary infections. (Schwenker; Gift, 1998)"
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