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Reducing the Incidence of Medication Errors, 2008.
An analysis of the reasons for and the ways to prevent medication errors in the healthcare setting.
1,556 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of medication errors. It describes the most common types and causes of medication errors and discusses the impact of medication errors on patient care. The paper then provides some strategies that can be used in virtually any healthcare setting in order to help reduce the number of medication errors that occur and therefore improve patient care.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Definition of Medication Error
Causes of Medication Errors
Impact on Client Care
Strategies to Prevent Medication Errors
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The research and empirical observations suggest that because healthcare professionals are just human, medication errors will happen and the consequences of such errors can be severe. The research also showed, though, that nursing staff in particular can benefit from the above-stated five "rights" to help them avoid some of the most common types of medication errors which were shown to include improper dosages, the wrong drugs and the wrong route of administration. Because the consequences of medication errors can be so dire, it is vitally important for all healthcare providers to take the time necessary to use the strategies outlined above to help guide them in the proper preparation, dispensing and administration of all medications."
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Conventional and Alternative Medicine, 2008.
This paper discusses prescription drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and herbal medicines.
1,877 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper provides an overview of prescription drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, herbal medicines and supplementary drugs. The paper discusses the laxity in regulation of dietary supplements currently available in the market that is causing alarm among health care professionals. The paper then explores the reasons behind the increased popularity with OTC drugs and dietary supplements.
From the Paper
"In these modern times, patients and consumers have numerous alternatives in attempting to alleviate their health. Conventional medicine is still the mainstream for treatment of the population's maladies. However, alternative or traditional medicine is rapidly gaining popularity among consumers and patients. These include methods that claim to have a holistic approach in healing. Reflexology and acupuncture are popular procedures in an effort to cure one's pain or illness. The uses of herbs and plants as alternative medicine have been used for centuries by other societies such as China and India. "
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Tylenol, 2008.
This paper explores the positive uses of the drug acetaminophen, known to most Americans as Tylenol.
1,737 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the benefits, disadvantages and costs of Tylenol as well as alternatives to Tylenol and then shows how Tylenol and all forms of acetaminophen prove to have more positive than negative consequences. The paper discusses how although acetaminophen has some serious consequences if misused with alcohol, the drug continues to help those who need small amounts of pain relief or fever reduction.
From the Paper
"The drug acetaminophen, known to most Americans as Tylenol, is one of the most widely used and recognizable over the counter drugs in the United States. It has been around for generations, and is now available without a prescription. The average American can go to their local grocery market or drug store and buy this product for a relatively cheap price. It also has a variety of uses, making it a perfect product to keep in the house in case it may be needed. Although this drug does have a few negative side affects in some individuals, it has been a blessing to many suffering from pain or illnesses which prove bothersome but not strong enough for prescription medication."
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The Plague, 2008.
Examines new types of plagues and the persistent problem of the historical plague in contemporary times.
3,170 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses primarily on "the" plague, which caused thousands of deaths throughout Europe during the 6th and 14th centuries and which currently remains a public health problem. In addition, the author discusses six modern plagues, such as the west Nile virus and AIDS. The author describes the three types of traditional plague, as well as the treatment, locations, control and preventative medication for plagues. The author also reviews the use of the plague as a biological weapon.
Table of Contents:
From the Past to the Future
A Purported Persistent Problem
"Strange New Disease"
West Nile Virus
Six Modern Plagues
Mad Cow Disease
HIV/AIDS
Hantavirus
Lyme
New Strain of Salmonella
Contributing Causes of "Modern Plagues" Considered
The Plague, per se
Three Forms of Plague
Bubonic Plague
Septicemic Plague
Pneumonic Plague
Treatment Regime
Plague around the World
Control Considerations
Preventative Medication
Plague as a Biological Weapon?
From the Paper
"A confirmed plague diagnosis triggers reporting requirements to certain health departments, including the Centers for Disease Control, which in turn, reports plague incidents to the World Health Organization. Diagnostic tests to confirm plague include: a complete blood count, a urinalysis, arterial blood gas, peripheral smear looking for Y pestis coccobaccilus, gram stain, cultures of blood, sputum, and bubo aspirate, chest radiography, specialized diagnostic testing, a F1 antigen rapid diagnostic test, Y pestis fluorescent antibody stain, and a Y pestis fluorescent antibody titer."
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Plague in the Medieval World, 2008.
An examination of how the sheer magnitude of the "Black Death" plague played havoc with ancient and medieval societies.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of the plague in history and summarizes how this plague, also known as the Black Death was perceived in the ancient and medieval worlds. The paper records that one of the worst outbreaks occurred in Europe when it decimated the population. The paper concludes that many historians believe this helped develop the forward-thinking age of the Renaissance, a time of learning and personal growth.
From the Paper
"In 14th century Europe, agriculture was the major industry, and there was still a much-layered society made up of serfs and peasants on one hand and lords and landowners on the other. Plagues had occurred before the Black Death, and societies reacted to them in various ways. In the 7th century, a plague hit the Muslim society, and they reacted by turning to Islam for answers to their questions about the plague. They learned to control panic and guilt when a plague occurred, which helped them deal with the Black Death in the 14th century.
"In contrast, Europeans viewed the plague with "fear, flight, and guilt" (Hays 2007, 37), and many felt the plague was sent from God to punish them for some wrongdoing or sin. While Muslims had developed tools to help them deal with the plague and keep society for widespread panic and hysteria, the European society had not developed these skills, and so the reacted quite differently to the disease. "
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Metabolic Syndrome and Antidepressant Medicines, 2008.
A review of research undertaken regarding antidepressant use and metabolic syndrome.
21,253 words (approx. 85.0 pages), 51 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research project focuses on providing an explanation of the problems associated with metabolic syndrome as well as the potential link it may have to antidepressant medication. The paper not only attempts to show the seriousness of this problem, but also attempts to come up with ideas that will help to show how this problem can be reduced in size. The paper relates that the best way to accomplish this is to first analyze the problem in question to determine just how serious it actually is, and then use that seriousness as a wake-up call for those that have been looking the other way and avoiding dealing with the issue. There are many of these individuals, and it is time that this is changed.
Outline:
Introduction
Problem Statement
Literature Review
Research Methodology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The issue of metabolic syndrome is one that has been misunderstood for many years, because people did not realize that the problems that were associated with it were tied together as one syndrome. They simply thought that there were individual problems that people experienced, and sometimes they had more than one of these individual problems. Now that this syndrome has become more well-known, however, there are individuals that study it and discuss how significant it is, and there are others that see it as some kind of made-up problem that is really not important enough to focus on. Both of these are valid points of view for people who research the issue but, in recent years, it has generally been accepted that metabolic syndrome does exist, and that the study of it is important. Unlike standard medical problems, such as singular diseases that affect the body, metabolic syndrome is not something that can be 'cured,' as it is understood in the traditional sense."
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Cymbalta for Treatment of Depression, 2008.
A review of the treatment of depression with specific reference to the drug duloxetine, which is available under the trade name of Cymbalta.
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses antidepressants and states that clinical evidences show that the pathophysiology behind depression is due to neurotransmitter abnormalities in the brain. The paper reports that antidepressant medications act by correcting these abnormalities. The paper states that tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are the oldest type of antidepressants but these have been replaced by the newer serotonin norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitors. Examples of these are venlafaxine and duloxetine. The paper further discusses the activity, side effects and mode of action of duloxetine which is available under the trade name of Cymbalta.
From the Paper
"Duloxetine hydrochloride, or Cymbalta, is a new antidepressant that possesses this dual action. It is known to have three clinical uses: as an antidepressant, as a pain reliever for diabetic peripheral neuropathies, and for alleviating urinary stress incontinence among women (Bandolier, 2007). It has also been approved for pharmacologic management of generalized anxiety disorder (Food and Drug Administration, 2006). Cymbalta has an advantage over venlafaxine. Cymbalta tends to bind tightly to specific serotonin and norepinephrine receptors than venlafaxine. This mechanism allows Cymbalta to have more specific action and less adverse effects. Moreover, it has been established that Cymbalta is effective in alleviating pain among patients who experience pain along with their depression. Studies have shown that duloxetine attenuates chronic and persistent pain within nociceptive transmission pathways."
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Military Healthcare, 2008.
An analysis of the issues between the Department of Veterans' Affairs (VA), the Department of Defense (DoD), the military health system (MHS) and civilian health care providers regarding the delivery of military healthcare.
9,640 words (approx. 38.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
This paper is a literature review to study the relationship between the Department of Veterans' Affairs (VA), Department of Defense (DoD) Military Health System (MHS), and civilian health care providers in the area of policy and utilization of management and information technology tools, which currently are adversely affecting the care of active duty military, their families and veterans. The author concludes that the governmental use of Lean and Six Sigma, specifically in the VA, MHS and DoD programs relating to healthcare provision for service members and beneficiaries has greatly expanded the capacity of these organizations to provide the required healthcare. The paper stresses that the management programs of Lean and Six Sigma offer potentials for cost savings, quality service provision and the elimination of waste in these organizations. Includes figures and tables.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Background of the Study
Statement of Thesis
Purpose of the Study
Literature Review
Department Of Defense (DoD) Task Force: On Future of Military Health Care
Systemic Obstacles Identified
DoD Findings Concerning Pharmacy Benefits and Recommended Tier Structure
Military Health System (MHS) Strategic Plan
DoD and VA Joint Strategic Plan
Military Health Systems Deployment of Electronic Dental Record
Health Information IT Systems Combined by DoD and Military Health System
Lean and Six Sigma to Improve Delivery of Government Services
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the area of improvement of efficiencies and cost-effectiveness of the military health care procurement system findings relate that that DoD obligations for medical services contracts was $1.6 billion in 1996, and that by the year 2005 this obligation had risen to $8 billion - or an increase of 412 percent. The cause for this growth in spending for service acquisition while is part attributed to recent trends and changes which includes downsizing in the civilian workforce as well as outsourcing and TRICARE benefits expansion along with attempting to meet new requirements as well as new demands."
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Victoria Hospital - Mission, Vision, Strategies, 2008.
A case study of the future plans and success of the Victoria Hospital.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Victoria Hospital is currently undergoing the process of organizational change and that they must highlight their future plans and courses of action. The paper then proceeds to describe how the hospital's vision and mission statement should be developed as well as some of the strategies of operation it should adopt.
Outline:
Victoria Hospital Vision Statement
Mission Statement
Victoria Hospital Strategies
From the Paper
"The mission statement takes on step further and communicates the audience the core competencies and the features on which the organization will base its actions in order to retrieve success. Furthermore, it also points out the main focuses of the organization in reaching their goals. For instance, a basic mission statement for a for-profit organization would be to offer their clients the best products and services and integrate the employees into the corporate culture, while in the same time registering profits. The mission statement is an important tool for communicating corporate objectives and commitment and it is addressed to all stakeholders, such as employees, clients, or patients in the case of Victoria Hospital, business partners or the general audience. The mission statement has to be developed by keeping in mind the corporate values and goals. For the Victoria Hospital, these are: dedicated personnel, the usage of advanced technologies and commitment to preserving and improving patient's health. However due to financial cuts, the management at Victoria Hospital desires to increase their profits, this will not be stated in the mission."
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Breaking the Barriers, 2008.
A study carried out to present to the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia to canvass help for a children's help center.
17,602 words (approx. 70.4 pages), 37 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a study compiled as an application to the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia for support in a help center that works with children with mental disabilities. The forte of the Al Aoun Centre, which has been operational for more than twenty years, is the assistance it provides to children in need of speech and hearing therapy who are mentally disabled.
Outline:
Introduction
Background of the Study
Organization and Management
Operating Strategies Strategies
From the Paper
"The Saudi Arabian healthcare system is a national health care system. This means that health care services are government provisioned and this is accomplished through a number of governmental agencies. There is an increasing need for private sector health care provision of health care services in Saudi Arabia. The government agency in charge of administering health care is the Ministry of Health, which provides primary health care services through providers. Services provided include preventative services, rehabilitative and curatives services. In a recent report published in the Record it is reported that the School of Medicine's Health Administration Program along with BJC HealthCare's International Healthcare Services "has launched an unique executive master's program for Saudi Arabian physicians and health-care ministry executives at the request of the Saudi Ministry of Health." (Miller, 2006) The report states that the program "was created specifically for 18 participants from the Riyadh-based King Fasad Medical City, a four-hospital system that is one of the largest medical complexes in Saudi Arabia." (Miller, 2006) According to Daniel K. Mueller, Ph.D, assistant vice-chancellor for international affairs: 'Health-care systems in the world are all changing, and the ministry sees the need to train executives in the basic principles of management, finance and organization to improve health care for the population of the King Fasad Medical City serves." (Miller, 2006) One of the lessons that this programs teaches "is the importance of enhancing healthcare by improving the processes hospitals use." (Miller, 2006)"
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Native-American Indian Health-Related Problems, 2008.
Examines alcoholism, HIV, suicide and the subsequent risk factors for other health-related problems within the Native-American Indian culture.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper is a review of peer-reviewed literature to determine current incidence and subsequent risk factors for health-related problems among Native-Americans today. The author concludes that, because Native-Americans remain at a higher risk of HIV, alcoholism and suicide than their white counterparts with incidences even higher than for many other American minority groups, there is a growing consensus among healthcare experts and lawmakers at all levels that something must be done to correct this situation.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Cultural Issues Affecting Native-American Healthcare
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Even those Native-Americans fortunate enough to have healthcare providers from their own tribes who are familiar with these cultural perspectives are faced with some issues that are unique to their heritage and culture. For example, in some cases, healthcare providers have been fired from their positions with the state for participating in religious rituals involving the use of peyote and have even been denied unemployment benefits as well. According to Kellhofer (2001), in one case that went to the Supreme Court (Employment Division vs. Smith, 494 U.S. 872, 1990), dealt with the use of peyote."
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Diaphragmatic Hernia, 2008.
An in-depth look at the problem of diaphragmatic hernia, its occurrence and treatment.
2,156 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper defines the term "diaphragmatic hernia", notes its position in the body and its function, and states that it is a high risk condition found in new born babies. The paper identifies the classification of the various types and states reasons with regard to their development, identifying that the types are gender specific. The paper also discusses the treatment and surgical procedure to correct the problem, as well as complications that may arise. The paper concludes that congenital diaphragmatic hernia may be prevented through early tracheal occlusions.
Outline:
What is a diaphragmatic hernia?
How do doctors approach diaphragmatic hernias today as opposed to ten years ago?
Are the surgical procedures different than other hernias?
What kind of complication can newborns have from this problem?
Can a diaphragmatic hernia be detected through any mean of modern testing during pregnancy?
Can a diaphragmatic hernia be prevented?
From the Paper
"Diaphragmatic hernia can be diagnosed before twenty five weeks of pregnancy. The diagnostic result during prenatal period will depend on the efficiency of ultrasonography techniques used. A rate 2 ultrasonography will show polyhydramnios and the non appearance of intra abdominal gastric air bubbles, hydrops fetalis and mediastinal shift. The Ultrasonography also explains the formation of hernia in a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. (Lewis; Glick; Minkes, 2006) The huge quantity of amniotic fluid in pregnant women assists the assessment of contents in the cavity of chest in a fetus through ultrasound. Ultrasound can check for unusual movements in the chest, sense regularity in the breath of the child, abdomen related sound in chest and the absence of enough contents in the abdomen."
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