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Genetically Engineered & Modified Foods, 2006.
An analysis of foods that have been genetically engineered or genetically modified.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the newly discovered phenomenon of genetically engineered and genetically modified foods that are being produced, sold and consumed in the United States of America. First, the paper describes and explains this phenomenon by using media sources. Then, it discusses various media sources and the concerns and questions they have regarding genetically engineered or modified foods. Finally, the paper notes concerns that neighboring countries, in this case Mexico, have for their own people and environments.
From the Paper
"Throughout the history of the United States, science has played a large part in the foods and products that the nation's citizens consume. From new foods that are imported and incorporated into the national crop and diet, to older, standby foods that are improved or used in new or different ways, American eating and consumption has long been shaped by technology and scientific advancement. And, as such shifts and innovations have made their way into the country's fields and barns and supermarkets and onto its dinner tables, the American media has also had much to say, for good or for bad, about how science is helping or hurting the consumers that depend on and utilize such developments."
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Northern Tree Diversity, 2006.
A discussion regarding the diversity gradient of trees in Europe.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the diversity gradient of trees in between southern and northern Europe. The paper looks at two perspectives. The first is the equilibrium hypothesis and the second is the disequilibrium hypothesis. This essay explores two researchers' arguments about the latitudinal diversity gradient of woody plants in Europe.
From the Paper
"Questions about biodiversity levels in different regions have been puzzling scientists for many years. For example, one of the largest questions in biodiversity is why is species diversity higher in the tropics then in temperate zones (Silvertown, 1985, p. 519). Two broad categories of hypotheses have been used to explain the differences in tropical and temperate biodiversity. The first are generally known as equilibrium hypotheses. Equilibrium hypotheses argue that present climatic and biotic conditions determine latitudinal biodiversity (MacDonald, 2003, p. 422). Disequilibrium or historical hypotheses argue that past conditions are more important (MacDonald, 2003, p. 415). "
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Genetically Modified Foods, 2006.
Discusses the ethical implications, health risk and impact on the environment of genetically modified foods.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Genetically modified foods have emerged as a topic of great controversy in recent years. As agricultural technology grows by leaps and bounds, the presence of enhanced and or modified foods becomes more ubiquitous at grocery stores and on dinner tables. However, this proliferation has been met with concern by many people who fear that the new foodstuffs will have environmental ethical and human consequences that the proponents of such items are as yet dimly aware. This paper explores the environmental implications of genetically modified food.
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Melilotus Alba, 2006.
A discussion regarding the Melilotus Alba, more commonly known as the White Sweet Clover and the effect it has had on the US ecological system.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the plant, Melilotus alba. a White Sweet Clover which was introduced to the United States from Eurasia in the seventeenth century. The paper reviews the different climatic conditions in which it thrives, as it's a hardy, adaptable plant, suitable for a wide range of environments, and can reproduce both as an annual and as a biennial. Although it is useful both as a forage crop and as a source of nectar for honeybees, it has become an ecological problem in the States because of its vigorous displacement of native plants.
From the Paper
"Melilotus Alba Melilotus alba is also known as White Sweet Clover, White Melilot, or Bokara Clover. It belongs to the Phyllum Magnoliophyta, the Class Magnoliopsida, the Order Fabales, the Family Fabaceae, and the Genus Melilotus, which means literally, "honey plant". A related form of Melilotus is Melilotus officinalis, popularly called Yellow Sweet Clover. Both forms originated in Eurasia, but have become naturalized in North and South America, and Australia (Turkington, Cavers and Rempel, 1978, pp. 523-524). Depending on how favourable its environment is, Melilotus alba can be an annual or biennial. It is quite adaptable to a range of habitats."
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'Origins of Modern Japanese Literature', 2006.
A review of Karatani Kojin's 'Origins of Modern Japanese Literature' and other commentary on Japanese literature's appreciation of landscape.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on two chapters from Brett De Bary's translation of 'Origins of Modern Japanese Literature' by Karatani Kojin. This paper introduces a distinctively Japanese regard for landscape in relation to literature, and discusses what Kojin referred to as the 'discovery of Interiority'. The paper reviews these chapters as they are a helpful introduction to other trends in modern Japanese literature before the rise of militarism.The rise in militarism heralded the War in the Pacific that brought the destruction of the Japanese'modern' order as it is known.
From the Paper
"Foreign influence of the later 19th century inspired reflection on Japanese literature hitherto shaped by Confucian/Chinese literary culture. Several reformers appeared, esp. Soseki of early 20th century to inspire a strongly Japanese expression; focus on landscape as background for human activity, and conveying of human psychology. Expression then delayed by rise of Japanese militarism in 1920s and 1930s; much of what we understand, now, did not surface strongly till after 1949. Mainly course material references."
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Effects of Natural Disturbances on Ecology, 2006.
This paper discusses the ways in which natural disturbances such as hurricanes and storms affect forest ecology.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses that the effect of natural disturbances such as hurricanes, storms, tornadoes and volcanic activity upon forest ecosystems is a sorely unexplored phenomenon which has extorted frustratingly empty conclusions. The writer points out that current research has acknowledged that such effects are generally varied unpredictable and particular to each individual situation. Furthermore, the writer notes that the effect of such disturbances on forest ecology can be seen as either positive or negative as regards an afflicted ecosystem, possibly both.
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Ancient Andean Tribes: the Kogi and the Kallawaya, 2006.
This paper describes the similarities and differences between two Andean tribes' adaptation to their environment.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper describes how two native tribes, the Kogi and the Kallawaya, have adapted to the conditions of the Andes mountains. There are similarities and differences in how these two groups have approached survival in this harsh climate. Both groups have relied on vertical farming and living in order to maximize arable land for food production and dwelling.
From the Paper
"Ancient Andean Tribes: the Kogi and the Kallawaya The Andes mountain range is home to two different groups of native dwellers. One group, the Kogi tribe, descendants of the Tairona, lives in the mountains of Colombia. The second group, the Kallawaya, is native to Bolivia. Both groups have adapted effectively to living in the harsh Andes climate; however, they have adapted quite differently from each other. This paper will be used to describe several of the similarities and several of the differences that exist between these groups. The ancient Andean tribes created a method of adapting to their environment known as 'verticality' or the 'vertical archipelago.' The tribes that lived in these hostile mountain regions created a series of pastures and croplands that often stretched for "sixty or more kilometers from top to bottom, [which] allowed a critical mass of people to assemble who could undertake the enormous work of terracing"
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The Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Bug, 2005.
A description of the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Bug and the dangers it poses to crops.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This research paper briefly describes the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter (GWSS) of California. The paper provides a detailed description of the bug and its native habitat. The paper also describes the ways in which the bug is a danger to various crops, particularly focusing on its unique colours.
From the Paper
"Research Paper: The Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Bug This research paper will briefly describe the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter (GWSS) of California. By providing a detailed description of the bug and its native habitat, one can realize the danger of this bug to various crops. In essence, the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter represents a thriving and charismatic insect, yet a danger to the crops that grow in its native Californian and Arizonian habitat. The unique colors and form of the Winged-Glassy Sharpshooter give hints as to why its name has been widely used. Although its formal name is Latin scientific name is Homalodisca coagulata, the glass-winged aspect of the bug's name relates more to the physical look of it shiny wings. The University of California describes the insect in detail: A large insect almost 1/2 inch (12 mm) long the glassy-winged sharpshooter is dark brown to black with a lighter underside. "
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Industrial Revolution and its Effect on Agriculture, 2005.
The following paper examines the relationship between agriculture and the industrial revolution.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the industrial revolution and its effects on agriculture. The paper reviews the pre-industrial history of agriculture as well as the sweeping changes within the agricultural sector during the eventful period when the manufacturing sector was being transformed by a wave of technological innovation. The paper concludes by noting how inextricably linked are agricultural change and technological change.
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Agricultural Subsidies, 2005.
A discussion on the role of agricultural subsidization in developed countries.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role of agricultural subsidization in developed countries through the examination of the consumer price index (CPI), per capita income levels, and the per capita expenditures on food within the CPI weighted averages. The paper hypothesizes that agricultural subsidies actually inflate the price of food commodities, which has an exacerbating effect on the economy and the lower income demographic.
From the Paper
"The primary issue is the supposition that government agricultural subsidies disrupt the natural market forces that dictate the free-market premise that prices seek their own level. This principle of price disruption caused by agricultural subsidies is, perforce, most apparent in the price of food and food products. The result, and the proposed hypothesis, is that consumers actually pay higher prices for food items that would otherwise be the case sans agricultural subsidization by government entities. Purpose of Study The purpose of this study is to illustrate the reality of the hypothesis in order to establish and build a case to end agricultural subsidization by developed countries around the globe."
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Soil Map Modeling, 2005.
A review of the article "Spatial Data Mining for Enhanced Soil Map Modeling".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the methodology described in an article by Christopher J. Moran and Elisabeth N. Bui entitled "Spatial Data Mining for Enhanced Soil Map Modeling". This paper notes the terrain attributes the researchers saw as better-suited to landscape description as predictors of soil type, using a map sampling strategy and testing it on a region in eastern Australia.
From the Paper
"Christopher J. Moran and Elisabeth N. Bui test a new methodology for improving the quality of the soil map models generated by rule induction. In their method, the researchers considered terrain attributes they saw as better-suited to landscape description as predictors of soil type, using a map sampling strategy. The authors use the Murray-Darling Basin (MBD) in eastern Australia as an example of an area not now covered by any detailed form of land-resource inventory, and the authors use their method of spatial modeling to develop soil-landscape models in areas that have been surveyed and then to extend these across the unmapped areas. While this is a logical approach, it raises the question of how certain the authors can be that the model for mapped areas can be extended across unmapped areas. "
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Landscape Architecture, 2005.
A review of landscape architecture from a religious mythological perspective.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper answers several questions about gardens and landscape architecture, beginning with the mythology of the Garden of Eden, which is depicted as nature and human life in an unsullied form, not yet marked by sin and with the different species living in complete harmony. According to this paper, it is harmony that is the hallmark of the garden at this stage, and the garden in Western culture is often seen as a locale to which the individual can return to capture some of that sense of a connection to the natural world and a link to God.
From the Paper
"The Garden of Eden is depicted as nature and human life in an unsullied form, not yet marked by sin and with the different species living in complete harmony. Indeed, it is harmony that is the hallmark of the garden at this stage, and the garden in Western culture is often seen as a locale to which the individual can return to capture some of that sense of a connection to the natural world and a link to God. In Christian mythology, Sin is the daughter of Satan, but she will also bear him a son, Death."
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