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Dorothy Irene Height during the 1950s and 1960s, 2008.
The story of Dorothy Irene Height during the years 1950 and 1960.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the life of Dorothy Irene Height, a black woman who, in spite of winning a scholarship to attend Barnard College in New York City, was refused the right to go to that university on the idea that the "college's quota for blacks had already been filled". The paper relates that after graduating from the New York University in 1932, she dedicated her life fighting for the rights of the black people. The paper concludes that everything Dorothy Irene Height did in her life brought change in society all over the world.
Outline:
Introduction and Biography
What actions did Dorothy Irene Height take to advance civil rights during the 1950s and 1960s?
What obstacles did she encounter?
How did she meet the challenges she faced?
What were her goals?
Was she successful in accomplishing those goals during the 1950s and 1960s? Why or why not?
From the Paper
"Moreover, she had the pleasure and opportunity to meet every president since Dwight David Eisenhower. And as if that was not enough, she actually was one of the persons who always spoke their minds in front of those presidents, always saying what she thinks, but placing a great importance of the way her thoughts were reflected into words."
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African-American Women and Cardiovascular Disease, 2008.
An examination of why African-American women suffer greater cardiovascular disease than the general population.
1,769 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the race-associated differences in health outcomes among African-American women with CVD (Cardiovascular Disease). The paper explains that African Americans suffer greater incidence of cardiovascular disease, and women women suffer cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease in greater numbers than men. The combination of the two: African-American women, suffer greater cardiovascular disease than the general population in the United States. The paper demonstrates that the above statements are true, and analyzes the causes for this discrepancy in cardiovascular diagnosis and care. The paper then looks at both the demographic as well as the socioeconomic and ethnological reasons for the difference in cardiovascular care. The paper also points out that women experience a greater amount of heart disease, and a lower level of treatment than men. This paper examines the reasons for that discrepancy as well.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Underlying Causes of Heart Disease
African-American Women and Heart Disease
Lifestyle, Heredity and Demographics
Differences in Medical Care
Differences in Demographics
Women's Lower Rate of CHD Treatment
African American Distrust of Physicians and the Medical System
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Although death from coronary heart disease (CHD) is declining for both African Americans and white Americans, the rates are declining faster for white Americans than their Black counterparts. According to the AHA, the incidence of deaths by whites from CHD has declined 46% and 40% for white men and women, respectively, while it has declined 33% and 27% for African American men and women respectively from 1979 to 2002 (AORN, 2002). The AHA posited that the lower decline in the death rate from CHD for African Americans was due primarily to heredity and life style habits."
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Waging Nonviolent Struggle, 2008.
A review of the book "Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential" by Gene Sharp.
1,027 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the book "Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential" by author and professor of political science, Gene Sharp. The paper explains that according to Sharp, the key to effective nonviolent struggle is the role of strategic planning, a topic this book focuses heavily on. The paper looks at how the book is presented with an introduction regarding the relationship between nonviolent struggle and political power. The paper then points out that the remainder of the book is comprised of twenty-three case studies of various, "improvised nonviolent campaigns in the 20th century selected on the basis of types of actions employed." The paper also notes that following the case studies, there is an in depth analysis of the specific dynamics of how a nonviolent struggle operates, along with a presentation of guidelines on how one can strategically plan for a nonviolent struggle.
From the Paper
"In presenting his case studies, Sharp is able to debunk numerous myths and misconceptions about the use of nonviolent struggle. For instance, the case studies present real examples of how nonviolence is not ineffective against dictatorships and genocide or that all nonviolent struggles rely on an appeal to the general moral character of the opponent. Instead these case studies demonstrate how, when strategic planning is employed, nonviolent struggles, such as economic boycotts and social noncompliance, can lead to a highly disciplined and thus successful movements that also create substantially lower overall mortality rates and less incidences of collateral damage, such as the killing of innocent civilians."
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Toni Morrison's "Paradise", 2008.
An analysis of the generational conflict in Toni Morrison's "Paradise".
2,006 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the main problem in the town Ruby in Morrison's "Paradise" is the way in which the old generation resents change and stubbornly clings to the past. The paper explains that this generational conflict reflects the results of slavery on the present state of mind of the blacks. The paper highlights Morrison's belief that the past should be dealt with by accepting it and adopting a dynamic attitude towards it.
From the Paper
"Like Morrison's other fictional works, Paradise is the portrayal of a community. The particular community described here is an all-black, extremely conservative society that lives isolated in a small town called Ruby in Oklahoma. The town of Ruby is created as an isolated, utopian society which, through its own established laws and government, is meant to thrive in an absolute, paradisiacal state. The reality is however rather dystopian than utopian: the community is obviously a self-enclosed patriarchal and exclusivist society, in which otherness be it racial or gender related is met by intolerance. The intolerance is reflected in the main plot of the novel: the elders of Ruby attack the Convent, the refuge of many women in the town and kill a few of its inhabitants."
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Impact on Slavery, 2008.
A discussion on how the invention of the cotton gin impacted on the slave trade.
2,557 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discuses how the discovery of the cotton gin impacted on millions of slaves in the USA. The author explains that there is a close link between the invention of the cotton gin and the expansion of slavery, as the new technology required even more slaves that were forced to work on plantations for greater profits.
From the Paper
"Historians that study American history attribute a great importance to the cotton gin for its role in the expansion of slavery throughout America. There are few cases in American history when an object had such an impact on society. The cotton gin was part of the developing process in American industry and it was an invention that is associated by many historians as "a breakthrough that helped set in motion the expansion of chattel slavery in the South and quickened the industrialization of the North" . The impact of the invention of the cotton gin deserves therefore a more close analysis, as it is often linked with one of America's most condemned legacy - slavery.
"Slavery existed at the time the cotton gin was invented, only that it was not such an expanded phenomenon as it became later, aided by the discovery of the cotton gin. The discovery of the cotton gin made cotton exploitation easier and more profitable but at the cost of exploiting millions of slaves. There is a close link between the invention of the cotton gin and the expansion of slavery because the new technology required even more slaves that were forced to work on plantations for greater profits."
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The Jena 6, 2008.
A discussion of the racial issues surrounding the case of the Jena 6.
2,412 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the actions of the so-called Jena 6, the legal issues raised around the Jena 6, and the pending trial of some of the Jena 6, from a sociological perspective. This issue involves the placement of nooses around a campus, perceived as a racist gesture against blacks, which led to the beating of a white student by the Jena 6, a group of blacks. The paper argues that the white power structure did nothing directly to the students who had placed the nooses around campus and instead charged the Jena 6 with attempted murder for what was perceived as at most an assault. This eventually raised issues of of racial preference and misdirected prosecutorial discretion. The paper approaches the issue in terms of its social aspects, the type of society that produces such behavior. It concludes that the case reflects the predominance of an unstated, yet indefensible attitude that the black population is a threat to the white population.
From the Paper
"Sociological theory has been developed over the years to cope with this sort of social difference and group action. One such approach is structural functionalism, a theoretical approach in which societies are seen as social systems and in which particular features of social structures are explained in terms of their contribution to the maintenance of these systems. For instance, religious ritual may be explained in terms of the contribution it makes to social integration. The term is also applied to the particular form of functional analysis developed by Talcott Parsons in the 1950s and early 1960s, coinciding, as it happens, with the era of the beginnings of the Civil Rights Movement. Parsons finds institutional patterns which carry the rules and norms governing our social structure. He begins with the system and finds that every social system is a functioning entity, or a system of interdependent structures and processes tending to maintain relative stability and distinctiveness of pattern and behavior."
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"Cotton Picking Time", 2008.
This paper analyzes the book "Cotton Picking Time", by Maya Angelou, through it's spiritual and social content.
1,008 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses an important aspect of Maya Angelou's work, "Cotton Picking Time", which is its spiritual content and power. The paper states that Angelou is known for her religious and spiritual beliefs and how they reflect through her work. This paper analyzes how, "Cotton Picking Time", Angelou discusses one day in her life when she realizes both the bounties and harshness of Southern life as a black person.
From the Paper
"As mentioned earlier, language is used as a powerful tool by the author. According to Angelou, it was the language that helped her community survive. There may actually be more to the folk language than we realize at first. By communicating about their pain and hard times, the community could verbalize their situation that helped in survival. Angelou admits that: 'It may be enough, however, to have it said that we survive in exact relationship to the dedication of our poets (include preachers, musicians and blues singers)' (p. 180). Black authors have almost unanimously agreed that language has helped them in survival. By talking about the pain, they could at least let it out or in other words, writing and singing provided an outlet to their pain and frustrations."
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Racial Bias in the U.S. Criminal Justice System, 2008.
An analysis of the existence of racial bias and its impact on the outcome of cases in the United States criminal justice system.
2,751 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses racial bias in the United States criminal justice system. It specifically questions whether the race of an individual suspected of a crime impacts his or her experience and the outcome in the criminal justice system. The paper discusses the history of related laws in the United States and discusses skin color ethics.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
In the U.S. Criminal Justice System...
Challenging Past and Contemporary Contentions
Research Purports
Confessions
Skin Color Ethics
Countering the Cycling Racial Bias Challenge
From the Paper
"Federal sentencing guidelines sternly constrain judges' discretion for determining whether an individual being charged will be sentenced to prison or receive probation. Guidelines are also currently in place to "guide" a judge in allocating the length of the sentence. Guidelines, albeit only contain minimal restrictions on the judges' and prosecutors' abilities to reduce sentences "for substantial assistance or acceptance of responsibility." Spohnhttp (2000:482)"
"Ultimately, Spohnhttp (2000:481 - 482) concludes that the reason for the unbalanced number of racial minorities currently incarcerated in the U.S. did not merely evolve from a racially neutral efforts to protect citizens and/or control crime. Earlier refutations of racial discrimination in the U.S. criminal justice system, according to Spohnhttp (2000:482) do not pass the test of time."
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Dorothy Irene Height, 2008.
An analysis of the achievements of Dorothy Irene Height in her fight for equality and rights for all people regardless of their race, creed or color.
2,672 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and achievements of Dorothy Irene Height, a woman who made significant strides in the area of black rights. The paper describes her long career that spanned over five decades, in which she was a leader in the fight for equality and rights for all people regardless of their race, creed or color. The paper describes Heights contributions today, as a woman in her nineties.
From the Paper
"Height has won numerous awards during her lifetime of community work. Recently, she won the Camille Cosby World of Children Award; NAFEO Distinguished Leadership Award; Stellar Award; the Spirit of Cincinnati Ambassador Award; National Caucus and Center on Black Aged Living Legacy Award; the Caring Institute's Caring Award; the Generous Heart Award from the Olender Foundation; and the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Freedom from Want Award. The NAACP awarded her the Spingarn Medal, and she was inducted into The National Women's Hall of Fame. In addition, 19 colleges and universities have given her honorary doctorates (African American Registry)."
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African-American Employment since World War II, 2008.
An analysis of the reasons for and the solutions to the underemployment problems among African Americans since World War II.
2,639 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes African-American employment and underemployment since World War II. It describes the effects of unequal access to labor markets, low paying jobs and dead end careers. It then discusses the lower standards of living that deprives individuals of opportunities and in general wreak havoc on the African-American community. The paper examines the causes of the problems and possible solutions.
From the Paper
"By imprisoning so many members of the community, the larger society is creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. Young African-American men and women see their lives shattered and, even if they themselves are never incarcerated, the lesson is ever-present that one "misstep" can lead to total destruction. Furthermore, implicit in this dialog between majority and minority is the idea that African-Americans are somehow not meant to achieve success. Whatever steps a talented African-American woman or man may take to improve her or his circumstances will always be challenged - the majority White society will forever be endeavoring to upset African-Americans' dreams of equality."
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Black Men during World War II, 2008.
Examines what it meant to be an adult black male in Alabama in World War II
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that existing as a black man in Alabama during World War II, or in fact existing as a black man anywhere in the United States, was to be a man viewed as having little intellectual capacity. The paper then goes on to describe the involvement of black men in the WWII military, noting that, while the black man appeared to make great progress during World War II, these same men were to understand quickly that in reality, nothing had changed. However, for these black men, returning home from the war, it no longer seemed right or natural to 'stay in their place' because they had gained a new and larger perspective of their place. The author concludes that, while the Civil Rights movement did not arise immediately from this WWII experience, it did influence the future.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Terms and Definitions
Introduction
World War II
The Tuskegee Airmen
The Alabama Experience
Jim Crow Laws
Returning from the War
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"As already stated it was believed that the black man did not have the intellectual capacity to do things the white man could do and specifically, during the Second World War, it was not believed that the black man could pilot a plane. The struggle of African Americans to gain entry to the Army Air Corps had been ongoing since the use of planes was introduced into warfare during the First World War. In April of 1939, Public Law 18 which called for an expansion of the Air Corps was passed with part of the law containing an authorization to create black training programs in colleges."
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Employment Law Case Study Title VII, 2008.
An overview of a study carried out at Case University to assess if a violation of Title VII occurred.
1,531 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to assess whether a violation of employment law under Title VII has occurred using a study conducted at Case University, where 90 percent of the students are African American. The researcher argues that in both cases violations of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act occurred. Specifically, evidence of disparate impact and favoritism and nepotism are demonstrated in the two cases. Court decisions including those of the Supreme Court are noted supporting this argument.
Outline:
Background and Analysis
Case 1
Case 2
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Case University, which opened in 1870, claims its early mission included providing newly freed slaves the opportunity to receive a proper education. The University's purpose also includes training African Americans in various professions to promote career advancement. The researcher asserts that the university violated Title VII when it failed to hire candidate Smith as the professor of biology. While there are circumstances when an entity can exclude a candidate for a job, they must be based on sound logic and backed by standards established by the law. For example, when hiring an attendant for a restroom to sit in the restroom and provide customers with hand towels, acceptable practice does allow the business entity to hire women only to manage the female restrooms and males only for oversight of male restrooms."
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