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Westward Expansion and Reform in America, 2008. This paper looks at the growth of the reform movements of America (1820-1850). 1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses the political reform movements that tried to shape the evolving American nation into a more compassionate society. The paper discusses the rise of evangelicalism, or popular religious Protestantism, that addressed concerns about slavery, the welfare of the most helpless members of society, such as the mentally ill and the imprisoned and the political influence of immigrants, women, African-Americans.
From the Paper "From 1820-1850, America grew--geographically, it sprawled out into the Western territories, and economically, industrialism and immigration in the North created a more prosperous, but also a more diverse and divided society. In the wake of these changes, political reform movements tried to shape the evolving nation into a more compassionate society. Concerns about increasing the number of representative slave states in the legislature, questions about who would be politically influential in the America of the future (immigrants, women, or African-Americans), and concerns about the most helpless members of society, such as the mentally ill and the imprisoned, became thrust to the forefront of the American political consciousness. America began to define its value system, and this self-definition did not come easily, as the Southern half of the nation had a very different vision than the Northern part of the nation as to what constituted American morality and justice."
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Martin Luther King, 2008. An examination of how Martin Luther King's philosophies can be better understood through the lenses of love and faith. 2,554 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 77.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses how Martin Luther King's nonviolent message is often misunderstood by those fully embroiled in black politics. It examines how the lenses of faith and love can help us better to understand the message and philosophy of Martin Luther King. The paper also briefly compares and contrasts Martin Luther King and Malcolm X.
Table of Contents:
Why Martin Luther King is Misunderstood
What is Love?
How did Martin Luther King evoke Fear?
How did Martin Luther King transform Society?
Conclusion
From the Paper "When one examines Martin Luther King's actions and methods through the lens of love and faith it is easier to understand his philosophy. He was not a complete pacifist as many believe and was appalled at the atrocities that blacks had to endure. He felt that it was acceptable to defend yourself, especially when one's loved ones were threatened. His underlying reason for pursuing his dream was out of love for the black people. His faith gave him the ability to exude a confidence that was transferred to the crowd. It was love and faith that plummeted Mr., King to develop his plan that would help change the image of black Americans. Malcolm X saw the differences that King made with his philosophy based on faith and love,. Martin Luther King's methods taught the world that they could live together in a less colorblind world."
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Diversity in American Cities, 2008. An analysis of the diversity within American society and examples of times when this diversity has not been homogeneous. 1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the factors that shaped the cultural, economic, and political landscape of the United States during the nineteenth century. It specifically discusses the amalgamation and blending of cultures within American society and describes examples of when the diverse mixture of races, ethnicities, cultures and languages in America has not been particularly homogeneous.
From the Paper "To some extent, this blindness or indifference concerning the current trends of inequality can be attributed to the past two centuries of American history. Specifically, many people within the United States tend to look back at our most tangible achievements in the name of equality--emancipation and the civil rights movement--and make the erroneous conclusion that America is the land of opportunity, instead of the more reasonable belief that America can become the land of opportunity. In other words, the understanding of the American dream as a reality rather than a goal is the major ideological blinding factor in modern American society. Undeniably, the past two centuries have brought this nation closer to its philosophical dreams, but they remain just that--dreams. They may never be reached, but we should never cease in out pursuit of them."
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Racial Exclusionary Laws, 2008. An overview of the evolution of the racial exclusion laws. 1,302 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 43.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents a detailed examination of the evolution of the racial exclusion laws. The paper discusses and explores the Jim Crow laws and the Chinese Exclusion Act and examines their similarities and differences.
Outline:
The Evolution of Exclusionary Laws
My Opinion
From the Paper " Jim Crow laws were enacted to continue the separate but equal beliefs of the politicians with regard to treatment of African Americans. According to those who supported the Jim Crow laws, as long as there were separate but equal accommodations for Blacks and Whites the constitution was being obeyed. Trains had cars for Whites and different cars for Blacks. There were White water fountains in public buildings and water fountains that only Blacks could use. "
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George Washington and Slavery, 2008. A discussion on George Washington and African slavery in colonial America. 1,701 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95 »
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Abstract This paper provides documentation through existing literature as to how Washington treated his slaves and how he viewed the practice of slavery. The paper notes that the fact that Washington was considered the "father of our country" makes reading about him, his personal life, his ownership of slaves and his lifestyle all the more interesting.
From the Paper "Another article from the Papers of George Washington found in the University of Virginia digital materials indicates that while Washington managed his own plantations (when he was not at war or serving as president) "...and was well acquainted with the strengths and weaknesses of individual slaves. He was not impressed with them as a labor force," fretting in some of his correspondence about their "irresponsibility and indolence" (Twohig, 1994). That said, Washington didn't blame the African race for this "indolence," but rather he believed "their poor work habits to be a result of the system itself," author Twohig explained."
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Inner City Employment, 2008. A discussion on why black, inner city poor have become increasingly isolated from white society and middle-class blacks. 921 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95 »
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Abstract The paper states that employment for African-Americans living in the inner city has long been a major problem. From the period of 1955 to 1965, black and white males worked in the labor force at equal rates, with blacks actually more likely to be working than whites. The paper states that in 1965, when the U.S. had its largest economic growth ever, the separation between the two groups began its employment separation and a 20-point gap had opened up between young blacks and young whites in the work force. The paper discusses the problem and concludes that, based on various sociologist's reports, money, alone, will not resolve this deep-seeded problem of the lack of inner city employment. The paper maintains that the solution has to be a multi-faceted approach with ongoing structural changes to the underlying issues.
From the Paper "Elijah Anderson, a renowned ethnographer of the inner city and professor at the University of Pennsylvania, relates in an interview that when he wrote his PhD dissertation for the University of Chicago in the 1970s, the responsibilities and opportunities for the young black inner city male were completely different than they are today. Working people were able to make a decent living by working hard, even if they didn't have any special skills or education. Things have greatly changed since then."
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Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird", 2008. The paper explores the subject of racism as portrayed in the novel, "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. 1,317 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 44.95 »
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Abstract This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the novel, "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. Specifically the paper discusses racism in the novel and relates that, in the story, racism rears its ugly head in the form of hatred, prejudice, and misunderstanding. The paper states that Lee has crafted a magnificent book that shows just how large a gap existed between whites and blacks in the South during the 1930s, and how some people tried to bridge that gap.
From the Paper "Everyone knows racism existed (and still exists) in much of the South. Blacks were pitted against whites, and the whites usually came out on top, just as they ultimately do in this memorable novel. What is not so well known is that some whites, like the fictional Atticus Finch in the novel, did stand up against bigotry and racism. They did not always succeed, but they did bring attention to the problem, and they did stand up for what they believed in. Atticus does this by representing Tom in court, and attempting to get him the fairest trial he possibly can. He does not succeed, but his strength and courage do make him stand out. He tells Scout, "As you grow older, you'll see white men cheat black men every day of your life, but let me tell you something and don't you forget it-whenever a white man does that to a black man, no matter who he is, how rich he is, or how fine a family he comes from, that white man is trash" (Lee 233). He is a fair man living in an unfair time, and he passes his strength down to Scout, to make sure she never treats people with bigotry and prejudice."
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"A Gathering of Old Men.", 2008. An overview of the book "A Gathering of Old Men", by Ernest J. Gaines. 1,477 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the novel "A Gathering of Old Men" by Ernest J. Gaines. Specifically it describes and assesses how the novel depicts the culture that it is portraying. "A Gathering of Old Men" indicates that even in the relatively modern South, hatred and old ideas still exist. Slavery may have ended in the 19th century, but the residual effects of that institution still follow blacks and whites in the South. The historical context of this moving book illustrates that quite clearly.
From the Paper "Ernest J. Gaines was born on January 15, 1933 on the River Lake Plantation in Louisiana. He worked in the cane fields of the plantation when he was a child, and the setting offers the background for much of his fiction. He says, "Though the places in my stories and novels are imaginary ones, they are based pretty much on the place where I grew up and the surrounding areas where I worked, went to school, and traveled as a child. My characters speak the way people speak in that area" (Bauer). He has written numerous novels and short stories, and almost all of them tell the emotional stories of black people struggling to live in a largely white world, just like this one. He has won numerous awards and recognition for his novels, including a National Endowment for the Arts grant, a Guggenheim fellow, and a John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation fellow (Bauer). He is a professor of English in Lafayette, Louisiana, and he continues to write compelling tales about black life and social issues in his home state."
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Harriet Tubman, 2008. The life story of Harriet Tubman as related in the book, " Harriet Tubman: The Life and Life Stories" by Jean Hubman. 1,667 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 54.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses the life story and activities of Harriet Tubman. In discussing the book "Harriet Tubman: The Life and Life Stories" by Jean Humez the paper relates that Tubman was an African-American abolitionist who was originally a slave and, after escaping from slavery, assisted in the rescue of friends and family. The paper states that her most important role was that of abolitionist and the fact that she had liberated countless slaves. The paper concludes that Harriet Tubman had a strong impact on others, and continues to do so today, many years after her death.
From the Paper " In 1871, a man named William Still published a work entitled The Underground Railroad, and in it he included a thorough description of Tubman and the work that she did. Still's work captured the seriousness of the issue and how much effort and time Tubman actually put into what she was doing (Humez, 2003). It also told first-hand accounts of some of the people that she had helped and how this had taken place. Arrangements were made at night and Harriet would go with a group of others to rescue individuals that were put in carriages and other transportation and spirited away. The operation was carried out quickly and quietly, with a well-organized plan and a minimum of fuss, which ensured that it worked well and put the people in as little danger as was possible given what they were doing (Humez, 2003)."In 1871, a man named William Still published a work entitled The Underground Railroad, and in it he included a thorough description of Tubman and the work that she did. Still's work captured the seriousness of the issue and how much effort and time Tubman actually put into what she was doing (Humez, 2003). It also told first-hand accounts of some of the people that she had helped and how this had taken place. Arrangements were made at night and Harriet would go with a group of others to rescue individuals that were put in carriages and other transportation and spirited away. The operation was carried out quickly and quietly, with a well-organized plan and a minimum of fuss, which ensured that it worked well and put the people in as little danger as was possible given what they were doing."
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Langston Hughes, 2008. This paper discusses the works of Langston Hughes, the famed African-American poet. 4,516 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 117.95 »
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Abstract The paper examines Langston Hughes' poems "Let America Be America Again" and "I, Too, Sing America" that talk about the American Dream and its intrinsic connections with the African-American destiny. The paper shows how his work was influenced by his own life experience, the historical background through which he lived and by his sense of belonging to the African-American tradition. The paper discusses how Hughes' poetry is an essential influence over the subsequent periods through its creativity, style and powerful message.
From the Paper "Langston Hughes is one of the greatest and most versatile poets of the twentieth century. His voice has defined and influenced his own age as well as the following centuries, imposing new artistic values in the literary world. Hughes is considered to be one of the leading voices of the Harlem Renaissance, the literary movement which aimed at the revival and assertion of the African American culture and its traditions. Naturally, his works are filled with African folklore and important cultural motifs, following the rhythms of the native tradition. But, most of all, Hughes' work is similar to that one of the greatest voices of America: Walt Whitman."
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Crohn's Disease, 2008. A detailed account of the background symptoms and treatment of Crohn's disease. 882 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses Crohn's disease and describes the physiology of the disease, relates where it occurs, its incidences, the population groups that are affected and its prognosis.
Outline:
Historical information and background of Crohn's Disease
Brief pathophysiology given showing connection to manifestations, signs and symptoms of the patient
Laboratory and radiological findings of patient
Progression, course, prognosis and sequellae of the disorder
Current research and future trends as related to the studied disorder
From the Paper "The disease affects men and women in equal numbers. There is a strong genetic component to Crohn's, as it seems to run in some families. About 20 percent of people with Crohn's disease have a close blood relative with some form of inflammatory bowel disease, "most often a brother or sister and sometimes a parent or child" ("Crohn's disease," 2006, NIH). Crohn's disease can occur at any age "but it is more often diagnosed in people between the ages of 20 and 30. People of Jewish heritage have an increased risk of developing Crohn's disease, and African Americans are at decreased risk for developing Crohn's disease" ("Crohn's disease," 2006, NIH). "Recently a gene called NOD2 has been identified as being associated with Crohn's disease. "
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The Selma March, 2008. This paper explores the importance of the Selma, Alabama march on the Civil Rights Movement. 1,351 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 45.95 »
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Abstract The paper considers the chronological perspective of the march on Selma, Alabama in the context of the Civil Rights Movement and examines its influence at the time and for the future. The paper shows how the events that started with the first Selma march are essential in the history of the Civil Rights Movement because they resulted in the Voting Rights Act. The paper explains that this was a piece of legislation which increased, to a certain extent, the right of the African-American to go to the polls as well as the scope of democracy promoted by the US constitution.
From the Paper "The Civil Rights movement raised one of the most stringent matters for the American society in the 20th century in particular. Indeed, the issue of the equality between men of different race and color was a crucial matter of the 19th century especially from the perspective of the slavery institution which created the visible differentiation between white and black individuals. However, as the Civil Movement began to emerge and develop resistance movements against the practice of segregation, soon the society came to be attracted in the discussions related to the need for equality and honest and fair treatment of all individuals, without regard to sex or color (Jenkins, 1997)."
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